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Foxtrot
4 beats/measure; 30-34 meas/min
In the early days of the Twentieth Century, during the Ragtime Era, a whole flock of "animal dances" were briefly popular, formed out of the earlier Two Step. There was the Squirrel, in which dancers assumed closed position and took small, mincing steps: 1&, 2&, 3&, hold, feet closed, knees soft, and up on the toes; or quick, quick, quick, quick; slow, slow. The Duck Waddle involved quick walks swaying the upper body left and right. In the Turkey Trot, the couple danced: side, hop, side, hop; side, hop, side, hop; step, hop, hop, hop; repeat; and so on. In the Snake, they walked sinuously to banjo with a dip, then to sidecar. The Grizzly Bear had the couple face to face, feet apart, crouching with soft knees, forward upper body poise, arms out and up. The footwork included walking, rocking, turning, and hopping. There was the Lame Duck, the Chicken Scratch, the Kangaroo Hop, a Horse Canter, and a Horse Trot. And of course, there was the Fox Trot.
The Fox Trot might not actually have started as an "animal dance." One story tells of Harry Fox, a burlesque comic and a part of the Ziegfeld Follies of 1914, who worked on a stage scattered with scantily clad women in static poses. His act involved a fast, comical dance to 4/4 ragtime music from one woman to the next where he would deliver his jokes. The act was popular, the music was widely marketed, and Fox's "Trot" became popular in dance halls and dance studios. It was introduced to members of the Imperial Society of Teachers of Dancing in London in 1915.
In these earliest days, the Fox Trot was not the smooth: slow, quick, quick, of today (which if you think about it, is nothing like a "trot"). Back then dancers might have taken four slow steps down line and then eight quicks with just a little bit of a prance. They walked in a circle. There was a lunge, close, lunge, close; producing a full turn. There were hops, kicks, and capers. There was a definite strutting or trotting look.
But Vernon and Irene Castle and subsequent teachers wrote new figures for the rhythm, and by 1916, this Fox Trot had evolved into a much slower, more elegant, floating kind of dance. It used long passing steps that kept the dancer up, stretched, and extended. It had come to include a gentle rise and fall but not as much as that of Waltz, where the third closing step causes you to lower more dramatically. (Where Waltz is "mountains and valleys," Foxtrot is "rolling hills," and Tango is as flat as Kansas.) In three steps, step heel, toe rising, toe, toe, heel lowering again.
The passing steps encourage us to keep moving, too. We want fluidity, continuity; a graceful, steady glide. Even when checking a movement or when in a picture figure, where your feet have stopped, we keep the body flowing. We introduce sway, change the sway, change it again if we have the time, incorporate arm and hand movements that extend these body movements, and then flow right on out into the next figure. The long, gliding steps of the slow Foxtrot give an impression of elegant ease, but control and balance are required to maintain that smooth flow.
Still another sophisticated feature that developeed in Foxtrot involved angled bodies so that dancers aren't directly facing or backing the line of progression/ they are angling or slicing down the hall. I think of a ship plowing forward, directly into the wind and current, "breasting" the waves. The Foxtrot doesn't do that. Dancers progress at a graceful angle, with one or the other side leading. (more on "side lead")
During the Jazz Age of the 20s, the Foxtrot was sped up again. It acquired some of the jazzy hops and skips of the Charleston and became our present-day Quickstep. Of course, it didn't replace the slow Foxtrot, but joined it, a close cousin.
The slow, elegant, gliding Foxtrot is a rich and sophisticated rhythm and is one of the most popular dances ever. I think we like it best. The Foxtrot seems more sustainable, less intense, than the Waltz, for instance. Maybe it is the slow count that gives us a little rest in each measure. Certainly, the "slow, quick, quick" rhythm and the more subtle downbeats on 1 and 3 provide more variety and interest than the steady "1, 2, 3" and strong, regular downbeat on 1 that we find in Waltz. Maybe it is the soaring glide of Foxtrot that feels so good, compared to Waltz's more dramatic rise and fall.
Regardless of your personal reaction, the Foxtrot has developed and matured over the last hundred years into a wonderful and engaging rhythm, and if we occasionally think back to the silly and slightly bawdy beginnings with Harry Fox, we might have even more fun.
Figure Name, Phase Level, & Timing
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Steps and Actions That Make Up the Figure
These descriptions are primarily based on Roundalab's Standards For Round Dancing and on cue sheets written by many choreographers (see Links page).
Figure Videos
A reader suggested that I link to the video snippets at ballroomdancers.com so that for each figure we would have the cue, a description, and a performance video. I'll do that as time allows, but in the meantime, you might want to visit this page and see if the figure you want is there.
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Here are some sequences to help you visualize the figure in context.
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NOTE: There are many technical terms and abbreviations that are widely used in round dancing. For instance, if you encounter non-standard punctuation, I am probably trying to indicate the musical timing of a figure, where a comma separates two beats of music, a semi-colon marks the end of a measure, and a slash (/) indicates a split beat, two things occuring in a single beat. Elsewhere, you can find descriptions of dance positions; basic dance steps, actions, and directions; and other dance abbreviations. WOMAN'S FOOTWORK — I try to describe what the man does and then in parenthesis what the woman does. In this way, you can read in one sentence what each partner is doing during that beat of music, rather than read about the man in one place and maybe the woman in another paragraph. I don't want to encourage the man to read only about his part and the woman only about hers.
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| Three Step (also: Forward, Run Two)
phase IV
sqq;
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In closed position facing line of dance, step forward, -, forward, forward (woman back, -, back, back); |
The Scotts' Steppin Out with My Baby, has a diamond turn;; three step to closed position; half natural turn; closed impetus; and box finish; |
| Box
phase III
sqq; sqq;
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In closed position with lead feet free, step forward, -, side, close; back, -, side, close;
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Follow with a hover to semi; through, -, face, close back to closed position; |
| Left Turning Box
phase III
sqq; sqq; sqq; sqq;
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In closed position, line of dance, step forward & turn 1/4 left, -, side, close; back & turn left, -, side, close; forward & turn left, -, side, close; back & turn left, -, side, close; (face each wall of the room in turn) |
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| Diamond Turn
phase IV
sqq; sqq; sqq; sqq;
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Step forward and turn left to diagonal center, -, side continue left, back to banjo position (turn 1/4 left each measure, facing each corner of room in turn); back, -, side, forward; for, -, side, back; back, -, side, for; |
Follow with a open telemark; open natural;
In Valenta's Bye Bye Baby, there is a quarter diamond turn to a feather finish;; and again;;
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| Quick Diamond Four
phase IV
qqqq;
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In banjo, step forward L (woman back R) and turning LF, side R, back L, back R; You will end in a position that will be cued. |
The Rumbles' That's You has a diamond turn one half;; quick diamond four to closed position line and wall; dip back, -, recover, -;
Another neat sequence from LeBlanc's Remember When is a quick diamond in four progressing down line and ending facing reverse; dip back, -, recover, -; quick diamond in four to reverse; dip back, -, recover, -; to a 3-step down line;
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| Fox Trot Wheel
sqq; sqq;
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In banjo position, lead feet free, circle one full turn: fwd, -, fwd, fwd; fwd, -, fwd, fwd; |
Start diagonal wall, do the wheel;; change of direction; closed telemark; maneuver; |
| Natural Turn
phase IV
sqq; sqq;
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In closed position facing diagonal line of dance and wall, lower and step forward R leading a RF turn with the hips, -, step forward and side thru woman and across line of dance leading heel turn, step back to closed position facing reverse; step back turning RF, -, step side, step forward to closed position DLC;
In all right-turning figures, the actual foot turn tends to be early, accompanied by upper-body turn. (In left-turning figures, upper-body turn precedes foot turn, and the foot turn is late.) So here, the man begins with his toes pointing toward DLW. He signals a right turn with upper body rotation, but at the same time allows his foot to turn as he steps forward R. As he takes weight, his toes are already pointing toward the wall. Foot turn has occurred early, before the step has even been taken. This is comfortable because the woman is naturally on his right side and so on the inside of the turn, as he dance around her.
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In the Valentas' Was That the Human Thing To Do, part A begins with a three step; half natural turn; closed impetus; feather finish overturned to diagonal reverse and center checking; top spin; reverse wave check and weave;;; |
| Open Natural Turn
phase IV
sqq;
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From closed, banjo, or semi, step forward right turning RF, side across line of dance, and back to contra banjo reverse. |
In the Cunninghams' I Found You Just in Time, part A begins with a three step; open natural; open impetus; in & out runs;; to a promenade weave;; |
| Running Open Natural
phase V
sq&q;
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This is an Open Natural Turn with an extra step, a syncopated Open Natural.
In semi-closed position facing line and wall, step thru R (woman thru L) beginning to turn RF, -, side and back L with left side stretch/back R with right-side lead, back L with slight right-side stretch to end in contra banjo facing RLOD;
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In Nearness Of You by the Cantrells, part A begins with a hover; feather; reverse turn;; three step; running open natural; feather finish; change of direction; to a reverse wave;; |
| In and Out Runs
phase IV
sqq; sqq;
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In semi, line, step forward right turning RF, -, side and back left to closed position diagonal reverse and center woman forward right between man's feet, back right to contra banjo; back left turning RF, -, side and forward right between woman's feet continuing to turn, and then forward left to semi-closed position, line. |
In the Woodruffs' Wonderful Wonderful, there is a hover telemark; fwd hover to banjo; bk hover to semi; in and out runs twice;;;; chair and slip to closed line and center; |
| Open In and Out Runs
sqq; sqq;
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In half open position facing line of dance, step forward R (W fwd L) turning RF, -, side & back L across in front of W turning with slight sway to the right (W fwd R), sd & fwd L turning to left half open facing LOD; fwd L turning (W fwd R turning RF), -, sd & fwd R turning (W sd & bk across in front of M), sd & fwd L to half open facing LOD;
Notice that the woman is not at all holding back or dancing in place to allow the man to get across. She is dancing forward, as is the man in the second measure. Those steps are much like a man's hover telemark: fwd, fwd, fwd, turning RF. If she does hold back, then when he gets across, he will tend to "scoop her up" in his left arm, and the resulting push will not feel good to her.
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In Breathless by the Moores, there is a telemark to half open; open in & out runs;; running open natural; to a reverse wave ending; |
| Reverse Turn
phase IV
sqq; sqq;
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In closed position or banjo facing line of dance, step forward L with right-side lead. This lead will turn the body about 1/4 LF. Step forward and side R through the woman turning LF a total of 1/2 and leading a heel turn for the woman, and back L to closed position facing reverse; back R turning LF, side and forward L, and forward R to contra banjo facing line and wall. The common error is for the man to dance down line and think that he has to dance "around" his lady. If you do this, she will be led to progress, will not be able to do the heel turn, and you will end in banjo at the end of the first measure (I speak from long experience). Instead, take steps 1 & 2 DLC, turning your body as you move through her left side; dance a straight line, not a curved path around her.
Remember too that foxtrot has early rise. Begin each figure with a slight lowering action but rise by the end of the first step. Making your turn in this "up" position will stop the woman's progression and help to lead her heel turn. In contrast, in waltz, we extend our rise over the first two steps. This more gradual rise lets the woman step back and then side in a Left Turn, and there is no heel turn.
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Broadwater's Dream of Me has a Reverse Turn;; Three Step; Half Natural; Closed Impetus; |
| Open Reverse Turn
phase IV
sqq;
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In closed position, banjo, or semi-closed, step forward left turning LF, forward and side turning, and back to contra banjo reverse and center.
Notice that in a Reverse Turn, there is a Heel Turn and so less progression down line. In an Open Reverse, there is no Heel Turn by the woman and so more progression.
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In the Scotts' Hand Over Your Heart, part B begins with a diamond turn 1/2 checking;; open impetus; chair & slip; open reverse; hover corte; back whisk; and pickup, -, side, close; |
| Quick Open Reverse
phase V
sq&q;
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We want to do an open reverse turn, but we have the trail foot free. In semi, we step thru with the trail and she begins to turn LF, -, forward L to closed position and both turning/side and back R turning to face reverse and center, and back L to banjo reverse; |
In the Rumbles' Change Partners, part B begins with a hover; quick open reverse; outside check to banjo facing reverse and wall; and back & chasse to sidecar facing line; |
| Solo Reverse Turn
sqq;
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This is a reverse turn done not as a couple but individually. You might be in shadow position facing LOD, both with the left foot free (the woman will be doing a man's reverse turn). Step fwd L turning LF, -, sd & fwd R turning to face RLOD, and bk L to end in left open position both facing RLOD; |
In the Shibatas' Orange Colored Sky, there is a shadow fishtail; solo reverse turn; and feather finish woman transition to banjo DLW; for a 3-step; |
| Reverse Wave
phase IV
sqq; sqq;
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This is half a reverse turn and then a curving, back three-step. In closed position, step forward L turning LF. She draws L to R as he steps side R leading a heel turn, she closes. On beat four, step back L (woman fwd R) to closed position diagonal reverse and center. During the second measure, step back R, back L curving LF, back R curving, to closed position RLOD. That curving path in the second measure is the "wave" (the curve of an ocean wave?) It is interesting to compare the open telemark, the first measure of a reverse turn, and the first measure of a reverse wave. All three figures begin with the same lowering into a forward step and a rising into another forward that leads a lady's heel turn. You stay in closed position through these three beats of music, and you turn as a couple. In the open telemark, you turn 1/2, from diagonal center to diagonal reverse and wall. In the reverse turn, you turn 3/8, stopping so that the man faces reverse. In the reverse wave, you only turn 1/4, ending diagonal reverse and center, so you can do the curving "wave" part during the second measure.
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Reverse Wave;; Back Feather; Back Feather Finish; Three Step; |
| Lilt
phase V
qq
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In semi-closed position with soft knees, step forward R (woman fwd L), close L to R rising onto toes but keeping knees bent,
Try hard not to bounce. This is a soft and gentle "down, up."
May be done from closed, banjo, or sidecar positions.
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In the Moores' Breathless, they have a reverse wave 3; check & weave 2; double back lilt; to a weave ending; and a three step; Here, the double back lilt begins with the man's L and the count is s&s&;
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| Lilt Pivot
phase V
s&
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In semi-closed position with soft knees, step forward R rising and turning a little LF (woman fwd L rising and turning LF in a pick-up action to closed position), -/fwd L lowering and pivoting a little LF,
The man turns left to lead the pickup, but often he really doesn't pivot much. The "pivot" in this Lilt Pivot is really the woman's as she turns to face him.
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| Change Of Direction phase IV
sqq;
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In closed position facing diagonal line and wall, step forward L (W bk R) and then forward R turning left up to 1/4. Draw lead foot and touch (only two weight changes, end with lead foot free). |
Could follow with a turn left and right chasse or with diamond turns |
| Drag Hesitation
phase IV
ss;
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In closed position facing line of dance, step forward left turning LF, side right continuing to turn, and draw left to right ending in contra banjo diagonal reverse and center. |
In Molitoris' Really Mine, part B begins with an open impetus; feather; double reverse spin; drag hesitation; back twist vine 4; and hesitation change; |
| Hesitation Change
phase IV
sqq;
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In closed position, diagonal reverse and center, step back L turning RF, step side continuing to turn up to 1/2, rise, draw and touch (only two weight changes, lead foot free). |
In the Woodruffs' Christmas Island, there is a telemark to semi; overturned maneuver, side, back; hesitation change; to a diamond turn 1/4; and outside check; |
| Heel Pull
phase IV
ss;
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This is a Hesitation Change with a modification to reduce the amount of progression.
In closed position facing diagonal reverse and center, step back L turning RF, -, continue to turn on your left heel as you draw your right heel toward your left and change weight (woman side L and draw R to L no weight) , -;
End in closed position, usually facing line and center, although the amount of turn can vary. Feet should be a little apart (second step not a true "close"). Lead feet are free.
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| Close Point
q&
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In any position, bring the free foot to the weighted foot, take weight, and extend the newly free foot to the side and point the toe. |
This isn't a standard figure, but it is a great action to use if you find yourself with the wrong foot free for the next figure. |
| Jeté Point
phase V
q&
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Usually in semi-closed position with trail feet free, step thru R onto ball of foot with a bit of a leaping or springing action (woman spring thru L and pick up to closed position) and then lower. On the "&" count, extend the other foot to the side with the inside edge of the foot in contact with the floor. Sway and look in the direction of the extended foot. |
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| Pickup
sqq;
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Properly, a Pickup is a one-step waltz figure in which you step forward down line in semi-closed position, and the woman turns LF to closed position LOD. However, the term is sometimes used casually for a "pickup, -, side, close;" |
Do a hover; pickup; reverse wave;; |
| Slow Side Lock
phase IV
sqq;
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This is the proper foxtrot pickup. In semi-closed position, step thru with the trail foot. Step side and forward to closed position, and then cross right in back of left, turning slightly LF (woman crosses L in front of R). |
In the Hartungs' White Lilacs, there is an open reverse turn; outside check; open impetus; slow side lock; to a diamond turn;;;; |
| Rising Lock
phase V
sqq;
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This is a pickup starting from closed position facing RLOD. Your trail feet are free. Step back R (woman forward L) beginning to turn LF, -, side and forward L, cross R in back of L (woman XLIF of R) ending in closed position facing line and center;
Starting position and amount of turn can vary.
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| Turning Lock
phase V
q&qs;
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In tight contra banjo position facing reverse and wall, step back R (woman fwd L) with right side lead and right side stretch/cross L in front of R (woman XRIB of L), back R turning LF, side and forward L to end in contra banjo facing line and wall;
Sometimes cued Left Turning Lock to distinguish it from the Right Turning Lock (a waltz figure).
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| Whiplash
phase IV
ss;
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In semi-closed position, trail feet free, step thru, turning body RF (woman LF) to closed position. On the second "slow" point the lead feet and hold. Sometimes, the music might tell you to step and sharply ronde the lead foot, like the crack of a whip, leaving a little extra time to shape to your partner and then sway away from that extended lead leg. Increasingly, we are being cued to "whiplash to banjo." Usually, this means banjo facing approximately LOD, so the woman swivels almost 1/2 and the man only shapes a little left to lead her swivel and then right to contra banjo position.
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In the Sechrists' Believe Me, part B begins with a natural weave;; reverse wave; back to a slow throwaway oversway;; link to semi; open natural; outside swivel and whiplash;
Shibata's This Can't Be Love has a hover to semi; whiplash and freeze; quick change sway and check back; double reverse;
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| Maneuver
phase III
sqq;
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In closed position facing LOD, step forward R and turn 1/4 RF, -, side L and turn 1/4 , close R; |
follow with spin turn or impetus |
| Pivot
ss;
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In closed position reverse, step back L turning 1/2 RF. Having left the right leg extended between the woman's feet, step forward R continuing the turn for a full turn over one measure. This figure does progress down line. It is important for both partners to step well under the other and to change places completely with each step.
This figure might be cued, "Pivot Two." As you might imagine, a choreographer might ask for any number of these one-step actions (depending on how sadistic…)
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If you do make the full turn, you can pivot again and again. If you don't quite make it, you'll fall behind. |
| Pivot Right Face Double
phase IV
ss; ss;
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I don't think I've ever heard this cue. This is a Pivot Four.
In closed position facing reverse, step back L turning 1/2 RF. Having left the right leg extended between the woman's feet, step forward R continuing the turn for a full turn over one measure. Do it again.
One key to success is to stay low, with soft knees. Once you rise, you stop turning.
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| Reverse Pivot
phase VI
s or q or &
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In closed position facing RLOD, step back R (woman fwd L) and spin to the left on the ball of the right foot. Stay low—no rise or fall and no sway. |
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| Slip Pivot
phase III
sqq;
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The word "pivot" is not only used to refer to a couple action. Here, the woman pivots, but the man does not. In semi-closed position, step back on lead feet, the woman beginning a LF pivot on the ball of her right foot (her thighs locked and left leg extended forward). On the first quick, the man steps back R turning LF, and the woman steps forward L, completing about a 1/2 LF turn, placing her foot just outside his right foot. Finally, he steps forward L in closed position. Of course, the "pivot" is the lady's LF turn on the ball of her right foot. The "slip" is the smooth turning action, the sneaking of her left foot against his right, and the neat change to closed position.
There is a general rule associated with slip movements that says, if there is no or only a little LF rotation of the couple, then the woman steps L outside the man's R. The man will use his frame to control this. If the man intends to turn the partnership, say, 1/4 LF, then he will guide her to step L between his feet. This will allow him to turn LF during the third step and end in closed position. If she had slipped outside his feet, the turn would have put them in banjo.
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In the Springers' Stardust Foxtrot, there is an open telemark; hover fallaway; slip pivot; manuver; and two right turns;; |
| Outside Change
phase IV
sqq;
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In closed or banjo reverse, step back L, back R turning LF, and side and forward to banjo or semi, line of dance. The woman will step forward R, forward, and then either side and back to banjo or side and forward to semi, depending on the lead (and cue). |
to a natural weave |
| Outside Check
phase IV
sqq;
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In closed position reverse, step back R, side and forward L, and then check forward R to banjo reverse and wall. |
In Lefeavers' Christmas Candles, part B has a reverse wave;; back 3-step; outside check to banjo reverse and wall; back hover telemark; to a promenade weave;; |
| Outside Swivel
phase IV
sqq;
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In banjo, step back L, woman forward R. The woman then turns RF on the ball of her right foot while the man crosses his right foot in front of his left to get that leg out of her way. Only one weight change; end in semi position, trail feet free. |
In the Fishers' C'est Si Bon, part A has a closed telemark; open natural; outside swivel twice; impetus to semi; |
| Cross Swivel
phase IV
sqq;
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In closed position facing LOD, step forward left turning LF (W bk R), -, both point trail feet toward line and continue to turn, and finally check thru to banjo reverse (two weight changes, lead feet free at the end). |
In the Moores' Just In Time, there is a three step; natural turn; back feather; back feather to sidecar checking; cross swivel to banjo; maneuver and pivot 3 to semi; to a whiplash; |
| Traveling Swivel
phase VI
qqqq;
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In closed position facing LOD, step forward L (woman bk R) turning LF with left sway, sd R swiveling LF (woman close L), back L stepping toward line and center swiveling LF and leaving right foot forward (woman fwd R outside partner flick left foot up in back from the knee and swivel RF to semi-closed), thru R (woman thru L) toward line and wall to end in semi-closed position; |
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| Spin Turn
phase III
sqq;
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In closed position facing reverse, step back L (woman fwd R) pivoting RF, -, forward between lady’s feet rising and completing the turn, recover side and back; End facing line and wall with the standard figure but may underturn to face line or overturn to face reverse and wall or even RLOD.
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Do a spin turn to a back half box; and three step down line; |
| Overspin Turn
sqq;
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In closed position facing reverse, step back L (woman fwd R) pivoting RF, -, forward between lady’s feet rising and completing the turn, recover side and back;
End facing reverse and wall.
Sometimes, dancers feel that they can't get far enough around when they are asked to overturn a spin turn. The secret is in the second step. First, ladies, keep a strong left head. This will add to your turning momentum. If you pull in to your man, you can stop the rotation dead. Second, milk that beat (beat 3 of the measure). Don't be in a hurry to put your lead foot down. Ride the spin until you are where you need to be, and only then recover onto the lead feet. If that isn't until the "&" of beat 4, that's okay. Don't even think about that third step, and certainly don't plan a leaping or lunging side step at the end, thinking that this might take your farther around. The woman drives as she steps forward on her right. The man drives as he steps forward on his right. Right here, think of your frame as a rectangle, instead of an oval, and ladies, put your head in that back left corner. Then ride the momentum around. Let the free lead leg just hover behind the weighted leg, and you should actually feel the need to put the brakes on as you spin even to RLOD.
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In the LeBlancs' Remember When, part B ends with a 3-step; maneuver; overspin turn to wall; back half box; and then into a jive sequence. |
| Running Spin
phase VI
sq&q;
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The term "running" implies the syncopation in this figure. It is a syncopated Overspin Turn.
In closed position facing RLOD, step back L (woman fwd R) pivoting 1/2 RF, -, fwd R turning/side L (woman bk L/sd R), bk R to contra banjo facing reverse and wall;
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| Spin and Twist
phase VI
sqq; q&qs;
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In closed position, reverse line of dance, lead feet free, step back commencing RF pivot, -, step forward between lady's feet turning, and step side to face diagonal reverse and wall; During this first measure, you are dancing an overspin turn.
Now, the trail feet are free. The man hooks his R behind his L with no weight, and she steps fwd L/R around him. On beat 2, she steps fwd L turning RF and unwinding him. He changes weight as she does so. On the last "slow," he steps side and back L, and she steps between his feet R. End in closed position facing diagonal wall, wall, or even diagonal reverse and wall.
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| Spin and Double Twist
phase VI
sqq; q&qs; q&qs;
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Do a spin and twist (see above) overturned to face reverse, and then do another twist turn.
One of the problems inherent in this "double twist turn" lies in the long side step L that overturns the first twist turn and prepares you to do the second twist turn. It can become an abrupt leap that disturbs the smooth flow of the dance. Again, a twist turn for the man involves two weight changes. He crosses his right behind his left. She unwinds him. He takes weight on his right on beat 2, and then steps side on the "slow." You can smooth out a double twist by taking four weight changes and by making the third step a progressing pivoting step. Cross R behind L taking weight/step L as she begins to unwind you. On beat 2 step forward R and pivot in a maneuver action, and then step small side L to set up for the second twist turn. The count becomes q&qs; just as it is for the woman, and the flow is so much smoother than the usual "hook/unwind, step, leap."
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| Twist Turn
q&qs;
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This figure is perhaps most often found as a part of the Spin and Twist (above), but it can stand alone following other figures than the Spin Turn.
Begin in closed position, trail feet free. The man crosses his R behind his L with no weight, and she steps fwd L/R around him. On beat 2, she steps fwd L turning RF and unwinding him. He changes weight as she does so. On the slow count, he steps side and back L, and she steps between his feet R. May also end in semi-closed position.
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In the Cantrells' All Of You, part A begins in closed position with a forward to a right lunge; recover, step, double ronde and twist turn;; to a feather; into three fallaways;;; |
| Natural Twist Turn
phase VI
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In semi-closed position facing LOD, step forward R (woman fwd L) turning RF, -, side and back L (woman fwd R between man's feet) to closed position facing RLOD with right sway, cross R in back of L with no weight change (woman fwd L in contra banjo position); unwind RF shifting weight to both feet (woman fwd R in contra banjo), -, unwind and take weight on R (woman swivel RF on right and close L to R), step back L (woman fwd R) to closed position facing reverse and wall;
This is a "standard" figure but not a common one.
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| Outside Spin
phase V
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This one begins in contra banjo, usually facing reverse, lead feet free. The first thing the man does is use upper body rotation and right side lead (back) to cause the woman to take a big step forward, outside, and turning RF. In the process of leading this movement, he takes a little step back, toeing in. Don't think of taking a back step. Just let your weight shift to the left foot, toe to the instep of the right foot, as you rotate about 3/8 RF. The man's second step is a long forward step outside of the woman and again turning about 3/8 RF. She draws her left to right and does a heel turn. During the second quick, he steps side and back, and she steps side and forward between his feet to closed position, completing one full turn during the figure. Note that the woman takes a big step first, the man second, and both step together on the third step. Some teachers summarize these steps as: "lady around, man around, step side." |
In the Heinys" Must You Dance, there is a hover to banjo; natural hover cross;; turn left & right chasse; outside spin; feather finish; and hover to semi;
In the Finchs' Sam's Pants, there is a hover telemark; open natural; outside spin overturned; to a hairpin;
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| Royal Spin
phase V
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This is somewhat like an Outside Spin for the man, but his third step is forward, rather than side and back, and he has to be careful to dance a circular arc. He can't move away and then back toward his partner, or she'll topple.
Begin in contra banjo position facing reverse. As in the Outside Spin, begin RF body rotation, and allow that movement to place the left foot just a little back and L toe to R instep (woman turns with the man, staying well into his right arm in contra banjo, and steps forward R outside the man). Step forward R outside woman, turning (woman continues to turn on ball of right foot over counts 2, 3, & 4, and as she spins, she makes a small CW ronde with her left foot, raises the left knee to bring the left foot to the right knee, toes pointed down, and then lowers the L to R with a touch). On the second "quick" the man slips L under body and steps forward L with left-side lead.
The woman is doing a sort-of "ronde/kick" that actually aids considerably in causing the spin. She has just stepped forward R, so the left leg is back. She makes a small ronde forward to a kick and at the same time bends the knee so the left foot ends up at her right knee. The movement is like a reverse develope superimposed on top of the rotation. The momentum of the kick part really helps to rotate the couple. It has a neat, wooshing kind of feel.
Again, the woman takes only one step and then rises to her leg flourish, as the man turns her on the spot. For this figure to be stable, each of his steps must be the same distance from her pivot point. He must walk a circle, the center of which is the ball of her right foot.
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| Impetus to Semi
phase III
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In closed position facing reverse, step back L and she steps forward R between the man's feet. The man brings his R to L and touches and leads her to step L thru his right hip, turning him in a heel turn 1/2. The effect will be much as though she pushed through a turnstyle. Don't close on the right too early, or you will lock that turnstyle. Close at the end of beat three. Then open her head with a little right side stretch and step forward L to semi-closed position, diagonal line and center. |
In the Rumbles' This Is the Life, there is an impetus to semi; promenade weave;; three step; natural turn; closed impetus; to a back feather finish; |
| Closed Impetus
phase IV
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As in the impetus to semi or "open" impetus, in closed position reverse, step back L leading woman to step R between feet turning 1/2 RF and then side and forward L brushing right to left. Man does heel turn, changing weight at the end of beat 3. On count 4, the man steps side and back, and woman steps side and forward to closed position, diagonal line and wall. |
In the Goss' Nessuno Mai, there is a three step; natural turn 1/2; closed impetus; feather finish; |
| Reverse Impetus Turn
phase V
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In closed position facing RLOD, step back R beginning to turn LF (woman fwd L), -, draw L to R for a heel turn sway right and close L (woman side R rising and brush L to R) turning 1/2 LF, continue turning LF on ball of L and step back R (woman fwd L) to end facing wall or line and wall; |
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| Hover
phase III
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In closed wall, step forward, -, side and rise, recover to semi line; The side step, rising, and perhaps prolonging that step, by borrowing just a bit from the previous or from the next step, is the "hovering" action. You float on air for a moment. |
to a thru chasse or back to a pickup |
| Back Hover
phase III
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In closed position, step back, -, side and back (W sd and fwd & brush free foot to supporting foot) with a slight rise, recover to closed position.
May start with either foot. May begin and end in other positions in which case the woman may have some body turn. For instance, in a Back Hover to Semi, she would turn RF.
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In the Broadwaters' Dream of Me, the dance begins in left open facing position, diagonal line and center, with a back hover to semi; feather; reverse turn;; three step; half natural; closed impetus; |
| Cross Hover
phase III
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In sidecar position, cross lead in front of trail (woman crosses in back), -, step side and rise, and recover to semi, banjo, or other cued position. May begin in banjo with trail feet free.
Notice that the third step is "recover," not forward or side. Especially in a cross hover to banjo or to sidecar, don't make an effort to shift laterally. It is really left-side lead that puts you into banjo, rather than closed, not stepping to the side.
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In the Bucks' Flamingo, there is an open natural; outside spin & twist to diagonal reverse and wall;; back and chasse to banjo; natural telemark; cross hover to semi; promenade weave;; change of direction; |
| Forward Hover
phase III
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In closed position, step forward, -, side and fwd rising, recover; |
In the Tuckers' Un P'tit Foxtrot, there is an open natural turn; back, back/lock, back; open impetus; forward hover to banjo; quick feather finish to banjo line and center; to a reverse turn check and weave;;; |
| Closed Hover
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In closed position, step forward, -, close rising, recover; |
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| Running Hover
phase VI
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The word "running" can imply quick steps or it can mean to add a step to a figure through the use of syncopation. In the running hover, we want to do a hover, but we have the trail feet free. In banjo, we would step forward R (woman back L) and then do a quick syncopated hover: fwd L to closed position/ fwd & sd R with right side stretch, and fwd L;
The figure could begin and end in a variety of positions.
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| Hover Telemark
phase IV
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I like to think of this figure as a hover with an open telemark ending. It also involves a forward step thru the woman, which is an important part of telemark turns.
In closed position, step forward L (woman back R), side and forward R into the woman turning up to 1/4 RF and woman brushing R to L. Both step small step forward on lead feet to semi-closed position.
You might consider dancing this with qsq timing. This would give you two beats to emphasize the hovering action and turn it into a little picture.
Where the hover tends to lead into left-turning figures, the hover telemark usually preceeds right-turning figures.
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In the Rumbles' More, there is a promenade weave;; hover telemark; open natural turn; outside swivel twice; and weave ending; |
| Back Hover Telemark
phase IV
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In closed position, reverse line of dance, step back turning RF. Step side and fwd, rising and continuing to turn; brush if you like. Small step to semi, diagonal line and center. |
In the Esquedas' Pensando En Ti, there is a double reverse spin; change of direction; fallaway 4 to banjo; back hover telemark to semi; and promenade weave;; |
| Link To Promenade
phase VI
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In banjo position, perhaps facing line and wall, step forward R with slight right sway (woman back L turning RF), -, draw L to R, fwd L rising to toes and with left sway to open woman's head (woman fwd R); May begin in other positions and orientations, so first step may vary. The essence is to move from some other position in two steps to semi-closed position, trail feet free.
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| Hover Corte
phase IV
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In closed position, reverse line of dance, step back right turning LF, step side and forward left rising, and recover right to contra banjo, line of dance. |
Booz's The Unicorn has this in part A: three step; natural turn; spin turn; hover corte; reverse hover corte; back box; two left turns;; |
| Reverse Corte
phase VI
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This is a Hover Corte in which the man takes only one step. It can have an elegant, soaring feel.
In closed position, perhaps facing RLOD, step back R (woman fwd L) turning LF, -, continue to turn on the right foot now with right sway (woman fwd R turning), turn to contra banjo and touch L to R (woman close L to R);
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| Reverse Hover Corte
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Not a standard figure, but in The Unicorn, it is a mirror image of a hover corte. Booz's spin turn puts you facing diagonal line and wall. The hover corte turns 1/2 LF to banjo diagonal reverse and center. The reverse hover corte then steps back L behinning a RF turn, a side R rising in a hover action, and then a back L to sidecar diagonal line and center for a 1/4 RF turn. The use of the word "reverse" is unfortunate here, since we usually think of a left-turning action, and here it is used to mean the opposite of a regular hover corte, which is a LF action. Oh wellthere you are. We have to be flexible. |
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| Whisk
phase III
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In closed position facing wall, step forward, -, side rising to ball of foot, both hook behind; End in a tight semi-closed position, high on the balls of the feet, trail foot free. |
The Tullus' Kiss Me Goodbye begins with a whisk; feather; to a reverse wave check and weave;;; three step; |
| Back Whisk
phase IV
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In closed position, step back L (woman fwd R), back and side, and both cross lead behind trail in semi-closed position. |
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| Back Turning Whisk
phase V
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In contra banjo position facing reverse, step back L toward diagonal wall and turning RF (woman fwd R), -, side R continuing to turn to semi-closed position facing diagonal center, and cross lead in back of trail; |
In the Nelsons' The Rose, in semi-closed position, there is a thru hover to banjo; back turning whisk; feather; to three fallaways with feather finish;;;; |
| Left Whisk
phase IV
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In semi-closed position, trail feet free, step thru, -, side to momentary closed position, and then cross well behind to a reverse semi-closed position;
As you take steps 2 & 3, your hips will be turning RF (woman LF), but your upper body should lag behind, producing a strong LF "wind-up" in the torso. Stay flat - does not have the strong rise of the normal whisk.
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| Syncopated Whisk
phase V
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In semi-closed position, step thru with the trail foot, -, close and face partner/step side with slight right side stretch, and cross lead behind trail in tight semi-closed position; |
In the Goss' From My Guy, there is a reverrse turn;; whisk; syncopated whisk; wing; reverse turn to sidecar check & weave;;; |
| Natural Fallaway Whisk
phase V
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Remember that "natural" means turn right, a "fallaway" is a step back in semi-closed position, and a "whisk" is that tight tucking of the lead foot behind the trail foot.
Start this figure in semi-closed position facing LOD. Step thru R turning RF to closed position facing reverse and wall (woman thru L), side and back L continuing to turn (woman fwd R between man's feet and staying well into his right arm still in closed position), side and back R turning (woman sd L), cross L tightly in back of R with strong right-side stretch (woman XRIB of L) to a tight semi-closed "whisk" position facing RLOD;
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| Wing
phase III
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In semi-closed position facing LOD or DLC, step thru with trail feet, draw L to R with no weight change, the woman walking forward around man turning LF. End in sidecar, line and center. The man takes one weight change and the woman takes three.
An important consideration in any figure that puts you into sidecar is to maintain your dance position. Sidecar is considered to be a kind of closed position, so the man needs to rotate his torso left face and keep upper bodies in a closed relationship, even as he shifts his hips to the right, to their sidecar relationship.
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In Hover Dreams IV by the Meyers, there is an open reverse turn; hover corte; back whisk; thru & chasse to SCP; wing; and cross hover 3 times ending in SCP;;; |
| Progressive Wing
phase IV
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In semi line, step thru with trail feet. The man turns his upper body LF to lead woman to walk in a semi-circle, LF around in front of man as he steps forward L and then locks RBL to end in a contra sidecar position. Same as a plain wing (just above), but the man takes three steps and progresses down line. |
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| Closed Wing
phase IV
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In closed or banjo, diagonal line and wall, step forward right wih LF upper body turn, leading woman back left, -, side right across man, and forward left to sidecar. |
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| Right Lunge
phase IV
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In closed position trail feet free, flex left knee lowering, step side and forward between her feet, flex right knee, rotate body a bit LF, and look at partner.
First, a caution. Men, we spend most of our time with head left. We are looking up, but her right elbow or right hand might be in the bottom of our field of view. When you are told that you may "look at partner," we usually mean only that you may shift your gaze a little farther right, maybe over her right ear. Don't get in her face to probe deeply those limpid pools, searching out her very soul. I suppose at the end of a dance, you might give in a little, but generally we want to stay in closed position and maintain proper frame. Keep your torso up. Don't invade her space and push her over.
Second, note that you step between her feet. Your goal is to contact the inside of her left thigh with your right knee and to gently ease her leg out there. If the two of you step to the side independently, it is easy to go different directions and to end up apart from each other. We want to end a right lunge tight together.
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In Love Wonderful Love by the Rosses, the dance begins in closed position with a right lunge recover; feather finish; reverse wave;; back feather; back three step; hesitation change; telemark to semi; |
| Rolling Right Lunge
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This is a right lunge in which left sway is accentuated at the beginning of the figure, and then smoothly the sway is changed.
In closed position with right-side stretch and woman's head to her right, flex left knee lowering, step side and forward R between her feet, flex right knee, rotate body a bit LF, change from right- to left-side stretch closing her head, and look at partner. Your frame should slowly "roll" from left to right sway.
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In That's How It Goes by the Vogts, the dance ends with a natural hover cross checking;; topspin 3 to a rolling right lunge; and hold;
In this dance, the figure extends into the last measure and actually spans 5 beats, rather than just a "slow."
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| Right Lunge Roll and Slip
phase V
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Begin in closed position, often facing line and wall, with the trail feet free. On the slow count, flex the left knee and lower, step side and slightly forward R between her feet (woman steps side and back L), flex the right knee, and stretch the left side to produce a little right sway. The sway will close her head: she will look left and he will look right. On the first "quick," rotate the upper body up to 3/8 RF, lowering just a little more to help you get your lower body back under yourself, and recover L rising and rotating LF. This is the "roll." Then slip the right foot past the left for a back R (woman draws L to R and slips forward L) turning LF and lowering again to closed position facing line and center.
We find this a complex figure. There is footwork, rise and fall, rotation to the right and then to the left, and there is right sway and then loss of swayall layered on top of one another. The steps are side and forward R, -, recover L, back R;straightforward. The lunge uses beats 1 & 2. The right sway is part of the lungewe are inclined to the right and looking right (woman left). So the sway develops in beat 2 and goes away during 3. The rotation is layered over the lunge, the recover, and the slip; so it uses beats 2, 3, & 4, first to the right and then to the left. Finally, the rise and fall extends over the whole measure. We lower during beat 1, stay down during 2 and even try to lower a little more as we finish the roll. As we recover during beat 3, we rise (this is very late rise for foxtrot). Finally, we slip back to a lowered position at the end of beat 4. The whole thing has a sort-of figure-eight, roller-coaster kind of feel to itvery exciting when it all comes together.
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| Right Lunge Rag Doll Sways and Slip
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Begin in closed position, often facing line and wall, with the trail feet free. On the slow count, flex the left knee and lower, step side and slightly forward R between her feet (woman steps side and back L), flex the right knee, and stretch the left side to produce a little right sway. The sway will close her head: she will look left and he will look right.
The Rag Doll Sways us the first three "quicks." Recover L (woman R) and sway left, fwd R sway right, rec L sway left.
Finally, slip the right foot past the left for a back R (woman draws L to R and slips forward L) turning LF and lowering again to closed position facing line and center.
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In I'm All Right by the Cantrells, there is a double reverse spin; fwd, right lunge; rag doll sways & slip; to a left curving 3; |
| Chair
phase III
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In semi-closed position, lunge thru with trail feet, heel-toe, and lower. Angle your foot out toward partner for balance. Be sure to maintain your semi-closed position, rather than easing into some kind of half-open position. That means your inside thighs should be touching, and your shoulders should be turned toward your partner in good toned, contra frame. But as always, keep your upper bodies up and even arched back a bit: hips together, upper bodies apart. Arms up. May be done with lead feet to reverse. |
The Slotsves' September Foxtrot has a simple but really nice sequence in part A: hover; chair, -, recover, -; promenade weave;; three-step; natural turn; closed impetus; and feather finish;
I love the feel of that slow chair and recover.
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| Broken Chair or Chair and Change Sway
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The Chair (above) has definite forward poise. It is a lunge thru. If you then sway to reverse by looking at your partner or even over the trail shoulders, you can change from a forward poise to a back poise, perhaps on the last beat of a dance. |
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| Chair and Slip
phase IV
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In semi, line, check thru with the trail feet in a lunging action, recover with slight LF upper body turn leading woman to swivel LF on right. Slip right behind left as woman steps forward left outside man's right foot to closed position diagonal line and center. |
Do a reverse turn;; hover telemark; chair & slip; telemark to semi;
Or, the Bucks' Fools Fall In Love has a hover; chair & slip; to diamond turns;;;;
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| Contra Check
phase V
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In closed position, lead feet free, lower into your right knee (woman left), begin LF rotation, and slide the left foot forward. Your left foot is moving forward as your right side is leading strongly. This is the contra body action. Of course, the woman is lowering and stepping back R, allowing her toe to slip across the floor. His left thigh is actually pushing into her right thigh. Only when she feels the man stop and begin to change weight, will she stop that slipping foot movement and take weight herself. She must wait. The LF rotation causes the man to turn his left foot out. If he is facing DLW, his toes will be pointing LOD. This angled foot placement helps a great deal in maintaining balance. The woman steps straight back R, but her CBM causes her left foot to angle out and may turn her right foot a bit in. All four feet end up pretty much in one straight row (her R, his L, her L, his R), but the foot angles and the tight contact at the thighs helps maintain balance. Hips are in. Toplines are well apartyou are stepping forward, but don't lean forward. Heads are left. There are two things that the man can think about to make this figure more comfortable for the woman. First, he can relax his right arm, slide his hand down toward the small of her back, and let her go. If he keeps his hand on her shoulder blade and his arm flexed, she will not be able to arch back and rotate left as freely. Second, he can rotate his whole frame left, which means his left arm will come back. We don't want to pull the left hand back separately in a broken-chicken-wing effect. Maintain the same relationship between the left arm and the shoulders as usual, but rotate the whole assemblage. I often find myself rotating my torso but leaving my left arm and hand forward. This pushes on the woman and again interferes with her rotation and contra action.
Timing varies. A slow contra check can easily span a whole measure.
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| Contra Check and Slip
phase V
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In closed position, lower into the right knee (woman L), begin to rotate upper body LF, and step forward L (woman back R). Keep your hips in and up and your shoulders well apart. On the first "quick" recover R, and then slip back L (woman fwd R). |
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| Contra Check and Switch
phase V
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In closed position, lower into the right knee (woman L), begin to rotate upper body LF, and step forward L (woman back R) in strong contra-body position. Keep your hips in and up and your shoulders well apart. On the first "quick" recover R beginning to turn RF, and then slip back L (woman fwd R) continuing to turn about 1/4. |
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| Traveling Contra Check
phase VI
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In closed position perhaps facing line and wall, step forward L with right-side lead (woman bk L turning RF) [contra body motion], -, close R rising to toes, fwd L to end in semi-closed position; |
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| Chasse phase III
(pronounce "sha-SAY" a "sashay" is a square dance term)
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In French, chasse is a chase, chasing, pursuit. Chasse is a ballet term and refers to one foot "chasing" the other. In round dancing, the steps are side/close, side, and may begin with either foot. Partners are facing each other with shoulders parallel. |
In That's How It Goes by the Vogts, part A begins with a curving 3 step; back chasse to banjo DLW; curved feather; back tipple chasse pivot; pivot 3; to a rudolph ronde & slip; to an open telemark; |
| Thru Chasse
phase III
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In semi-closed position, step thru with trail feet in CBMP, -, side/close, side; |
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| Turn Left and Right Chasse phase III
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In closed position, LOD, step forward L (woman back R) turning LF, -, sd/cl, sd ending BJO reverse and COH; |
Do a reverse turn or a wing, turn left and right chasse, and a hesitation change. |
| Ripple Chasse phase V
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In semi-closed position, step thru R (woman thru L) to contra banjo. The chasse begins with a side and forward L/close R with left side stretch and looking R (woman L) ("closed heads"). This stretch is the "ripple:" tipping the upper body in the direction away from that of progression. Finally, step side and forward L again blending to semi-closed position. May also end in contra banjo. |
In the Worlocks' Where Or When, there is a hover; thru ripple chasse; big top; double reverse to line and wall; and change of direction; |
| Tipple Chasse also cued Back Tipple Chasse
phase V
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In closed position, reverse line of dance, step back L (woman forward R) turning 1/4 RF. Step side R/close L with slight left side stretch. This stretch is the "tipple:" tipping the upper body in the direction of progression. Finally, step side and forward R with another 1/8 turn to face line and center in closed position.
May begin with the trail foot in which case the turn would be LF and the ending position line and wall.
Notice that this description includes both sway in the direction of progression and body turn. Some teachers do not emphasize the sway and instead think of a Tipple Chasse as a "turning" chasse.
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| Forward Tipple Chasse phase V
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In contra banjo or closed position facing LOD, step forward R turning RF, -, side L/close R with right-side stretch, side and slightly back L to end in closed position facing reverse and wall;
Again, a "tipple" is a sway toward the direction of progression. Bill Goss has described this action as stretching up to look over a fence as you dance past. Maybe there's a nudist colony over there?
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This is not a standard figure but a combination of the tipple chasse and a one-step pivoting action (phase II) made on the last step of the chasse: step back L turning RF (or back R turning LF), -, side/close turning 1/8, and then side and forward pivoting 1/2 for a total turn of 7/8; |
In the Rumbles' Blue Moon, part A begins with a reverse wave;; back tipple chasse pivot; impetus to semi; promenade run (qqqq); thru & chasse to low butterfly; |
| Vine
phase III
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In closed position step side L (W sd R), -, both step behind, side;
May begin with the trail feet and progress in the other direction. A "front vine" begins by crossing in front.
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| Twisty Vine
phase III
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In closed or butterfly position, step side left (woman side R), -, cross in back R (W XLIF of R) to sidecar position, step side to facing position again;
This "foxtrot twisty vine" can run for any number of measures.
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Follow with a maneuver. |
| Zigzag
phase V
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In banjo reverse and wall, step back L (woman fwd R). Close R to L turning RF as woman steps fwd & sd L turning RF. Step fwd L to sidecar diagonal line and center. On the last quick, step side and back R turning LF to banjo diagonal reverse and wall. It's like a twisty vine in two-step. |
In the Cantrells' Ain't That a Kick, the introduction begins with a zigzag; back feather; feather finish; and a change of direction to face line and center;
Later, they have a forward zigzag 8;; to a maneuver, pivot 2 to a promenade sway;
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Zig Zag or
Natural Promenade Zig Zag
phase V
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In semi-closed position, step forward R (woman fwd L) beginning to turn RF, -, side L (woman fwd R), back R to contra sidecar facing reverse and wall; turn LF and step side L, keep turning and step fwd R to contra banjo facing line and wall,
Another way to think about this one is to consider it a "forward to a zigzag." It's like a twisty vine.
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| Hover Fallaway
phase III
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In semi-closed position, line of dance, step through with trail feet, -, step fwd on lead rising to ball of foot checking, and recover back on trail foot still in semi; |
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| Natural Hover Fallaway
phase IV
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In semi-closed position, line, trail feet, step forward R turning RF, forward L rising to a hover, the woman stepping between his feet, turning, and remaining in semi, then recover back on trail feet. End in semi, reverse, and wall. |
In the Scotts' Warsaw Concerto, the intro has a natural hover fallaway to a weave ending;; three fallaways with feather finish;;;; double reverse; drag hesitation; open impetus; |
| Reverse Fallaway
phase IV
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To "fallaway" is to step back in semi-closed position. In the natural fallaway (above), we step down line, turn RF, and recover in SCP facing reverse and wall. In the reverse fallaway, we turn LF and recover into semi reverse and center.
The reverse fallaway can start from closed position facing LOD or semi-closed LOD. From closed, step forward L (woman back R turning LF). Step side and then cross lead behind trail into semi reverse. From semi line, step forward on trail feet turning LF, man forward L turning and woman back R turning. Then both step back on trail feet to semi reverse.
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In the Martins' Old Fashioned Foxtrot 6, there is an open telemark; curved feather check; open impetus; feather; reverse fallaway & slip to closed position line; double reverse spin;
In the Bucks' Dance and Dream, there is a double reverse spin; bounce reverse fallaway 4 to banjo; back hover telemark; to a Viennese Cross;
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| Extended Fallaway
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To "extend" is to add steps, but the choreographer must specify the details.
You might begin in SCP and step thru with trail feet turning LF, -, forward L (woman back R) turning, both step back on trail feet to SCP facing RLOD; XIB, sd, XIB, sd;
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In Breathless by the Moores, part B begins with a Hover Telemark; Feather; and then Counter Promenade to Extended Fallaway slip to banjo and Back Wing Checking;;; (sqqqqqqqqs) |
| Reverse Fallaway and Slip
phase V
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This is a quick Reverse Fallaway with one more step on which you spin 1/2 LF to closed position. So, in closed position facing line and center, step forward L, (woman back R) turning LF, back R in semi-closed position facing RLOD, and then cross lead behind trail tightly under bodythis is the "fallaway." Tuch that lead foot farther under the body than in a plain Reverse Fallaway in preparation for the "slip." On the last step, slip R past L toeing in to a small back R (woman fwd L) and turn 1/4 more LF softening R knee to closed position facing line and wall. |
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| Three Fallaways
phase VI
sqq; sqq; sqq;
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In closed position facing line and center, step forward L (woman back R) turning LF 1/4 and with right side stretch (woman left side). Step side R in semi-closed position facing reverse and wall, and cross lead in back of trail. The second fallaway begins with a step back R still toward line and center and turning to closed position with no sway. The woman steps forward L and slips to closed; she is facing line. Step side L directly down line, now with left side stretch, leading woman to step side and back R to reverse semi-closed position, and cross trail in back of lead with a strong LF "wind-up" in the torso as in a left whisk. The man is on the inside of the circle. Finally, step forward L (woman back R) toward line and wall turning LF now with no sway. The man is rolling across to the outside of the circle. Both step side with the trail foot and then cross the lead foot behind to semi-closed position facing reverse and center. The total turn in this figure is 1 and 3/4.
You might be tempted to dance the first and third fallaways the same, but the figure is designed to consist of three different fallaways, the first with left sway, the second with right sway, and the third with no sway.
Notice the changes of direction throughout the figure. The figure does not progress down line of dance. The first four steps progress toward diagonal line and center. Steps 5 & 6 go down line, and then steps 7, 8, & 9 move toward line and wall. "Like the shape of a frying pan," say Jim and Bonnie Bahr. If you can imagine looking at the pan in cross-section, edge-on, we dance down the slanted side of the pan, across the flat bottom, and up the other side. The image might help.
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In the Bahrs' Broken Hearts, part C begins with a change of direction; quick three fallaways and feather ending;;; to a three step; natural hover cross;; and double reverse spin;
Notice that the three fallaways in this dance are described as "quick" and are danced in nine quick steps sort of straddling measures. The quick feather ending uses beats 10, 11, & 12 of the three measures total.
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| Promenade Weave
phase IV
sqq; qqqq;
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In semi-closed position facing diagonal line and center, step forward R (woman forward L), -, forward L turning a little LF to closed postion (woman sd & bk R). Turn & step side and back R (woman fwd L) to banjo. Continue to turn LF, step back L, back R to closed position wall, side and forward L, and forward R to banjo position facing line and wall, lead feet free;
One of the problems in this figure arises if the man tries to "pick up" the woman too soon. Don't take the first step and try to fold her in front of you right away.
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In part A of Prow's Every Street's a Boulevard, we have a hover; start a promenade weave to banjo reverse; outside swivels twice; and then finish the weave; to a hover telemark; and a thru chasse to semi;
In the Worlocks' Where Or When, there is a promenade weave 5 with a check and slow switch;; to a natural weave;;
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| Weave Ending
qqqq;
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Various "weaves" can put you in contra banjo or in fallaway position facing reverse and wall at the end of the first measure, but other figures can do the same. A Weave Ending lets you weave out of a position that you didn't actually weave into in the first place.
So, in banjo position facing reverse and wall, begin to turn LF, step back L (woman fwd R), back R to closed position wall, side and forward L, and forward R to contra-banjo facing line and wall, lead feet free.
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In the Rumbles' A Wink and A Smile, they have an open telemark; curved feather check; outside swivel twice; quick weave ending; to a hover; |
| Weave to Banjo or to Semi (sometimes, "weave 6" or "fox trot weave") phase IV
sqq; sqq;
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In semi-closed postion, diagonal line and center, trail foot free, step forward R and then forward L, turning LF to closed position center of hall. Step side and back, continuing to turn, back L to banjo, reverse and center, back L turning to closed wall, and finally forward L to banjo, line and wall. Figure may also end in semi, in which case, during the last step, turn the woman to semi. Her last step will be side and forward R, rather than side and back. |
In the Scotts' Call Me Irresponsible, part B has a hover; weave 6 to banjo;; half natural turn; and impetus to semi; |
| Natural Weave
phase V
sqq; qqqq;
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From closed line, banjo, or semi, the man steps forward R turning RF, and the woman steps back L (from semi, she will step forward L). In the second step, she draws R to L and he steps side L with left side stretch leading a heel turn, she changes weight at the end of the turn. At this point, her head is strongly closed, so his head needs to be stongly left, too, to counterbalance her topline. If the man looks at his partner, he will move into her space and maybe tip her off her heel turn. On the fourth beat, step back R with right side lead, she steps forward L to closed position, diagonal reverse and wall. In the second measure, step back L with right side stretch into contra banjo, she forward R outside partner. Step back R turning LF to closed position wall. Step side and forward L she side R turning. Finally, step forward R and she back L to contra banjo diagonal line and wall. The second measure of the promenade weave or the natural weave is also called a "weave ending" and is sometimes cued as a separate, one-measure figure. So, we can think of the natural weave as a combination of an open natural turn followed by a weave ending. For the man, the first measure is forward on the right foot beginning to turn right face. At this point, he might be facing the wall. Then step side and forward with the left turning to face reverse and wall. You need left side stretch here and left side lead. Think of "banking" into a right turn on a bicycle. One of the important things you are doing here is "cutting off" the woman; you are stepping right in front of her, preventing her from stepping forward, and so leading her heel turn. Finally, step back with the right, now with right side lead, in closed position about to blend to a tight contra banjo position (she steps forward L here).
To do the weave ending, step back L, changing to right side stretch, back R beginning to turn left face and leading woman into closed position. You are facing wall now. Step side and forward L with left side stretch turning, and finally step forward R in contra banjo facing line and wall. Right side stretch is the same as left body sway, so this weave ending has a kind of rocking sway change to it. You step back L with left sway (body inclined or tilted left), back R turning to closed position with no sway, side L beginning to develop right sway, and forward R with full right sway.
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Do a hover telemark to semi; feather; open telemark; natural weave;; reverse wave;; open impetus; feather; |
| Natural Fallaway Weave
sqq; qqqq;
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This one is a combination of a natural hover fallaway (see above) and a weave ending. In semi-closed position, line, trail feet, step forward R turning RF, forward L rising to a hover, the woman stepping between his feet, turning, and remaining in semi, then recover back on trail feet. End first measure in semi, reverse, and wall. In the second measure, step back L with right side stretch into contra banjo, she forward R outside partner. Step back R turning LF to closed position wall. Step side and forward L she side R turning. Finally, step forward R and she back L to contra banjo diagonal line and wall. |
In the Slaters' I'll See You In My Dreams, part A begins with a solo roll to half open; natural fallaway weave;; whisk; jete point; fallaway ronde & slip; double reverse spin; hover to semi-closed; promenade weave;; |
| Check and Weave
phase V
sqq; qqqq;
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In closed position facing RLOD, slip the right foot back under the body with a little LF body rotation (contra) and check your backward progression (woman slips fwd L with slight LF body rotation). This is the "check," done on the slow count, and it is very like a contra check with the woman doing the man's part. Now, step fwd L turning LF (woman bk R), side R with right side stretch having turned 1/8 LF; back L to contra banjo and turning another 1/8 LF, back R to closed position facing wall, side and forward L with left side stretch and turning 1/4 LF, and step forward R to contra banjo facing line and wall; A threat to the success of this figure lies in dancing the previous figure with no anticipation. The check can then come as a surprise, with a bump or jerk, as you stop your progression and launch into the Weave. To eliminate that surprise, rise a little more on step 2 of the entry and make step 3 smaller than usual. You might be dancing an Open Natural into a Check and Weave. You would normally rise on step 2 of the Open Natural, but in this sequence, rise a little more to signal a change. Make the back step of the Open Natural smaller in essence, you are hinting at the Check or beginning the Check before it actually occurs. Now you can check step 4, and it won't be a surprise; it won't feel like a crash.
There is still more potential awkwardness within the beginning of this weave sequence. Think about what is happening to the woman. The man checks her forward motion, sends her back as he steps forward L, and then pulls her forward again as he takes that first side step. And some dancers will actually make that a side and back R, since they know that a weave needs to progress down line, so the pull becomes even stronger. The woman is pushed and pulled manhandled. We considered softening the check, the push, in the paragraph above. We can soften the pull by stepping forward L and then closing R and turning a little RF get that right side back. This action sets or tucks the woman into the man's right side and constitutes a nice preparation and warning for his back L and her forward R into contra banjo for the weave ending.
You can begin this figure in other positions and from other orientations. You can adjust the amount of roatation to flow into whatever the next figure might be.
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One common entry is Reverse Wave; Check and Weave;; Notice that you will only do one measure of the Reverse Wave. The cuer is telling you to begin the Reverse Wave, but stop in the middle (Check). Now continue dancing a Weave sequence. |
| Extended Weave
sqq; qqqq; qq
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To "extend" a figure is to add steps. Where a Promenade Weave is one "slow" and 6 "quicks," an Extended Weave might contain 8 "quicks."
In semi-closed position facing diagonal line and center, step forward R (woman forward L), -, forward L turning a little LF to closed postion (woman sd & bk R). Turn & step side and back R (woman fwd L) to banjo. Step back L, back R, turn and step bk L, bk R to closed position facing wall; side and forward L, and forward R to banjo position facing line and wall with lead feet free,
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In Sisters by the Gosses, there is a bit of business called a Fallaway Ronde & Slip Lady Wheel Kick that puts you in closed position facing DLC, lead feet free. Among other things, this takes the place of the initial "slow" count of the weave. Then we do an Extended Weave 8;; Turning Hover to Banjo; and Feather; |
| Natural Hover Cross
phase V
sqq; qqqq;
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In closed position, diagonal line and wall, step forward R beginning to turn RF (woman back L), -, side L turning (woman heel turn), side R completing 3/4 turn to face line and center in contra sidecar; step forward L on toe outside woman with right side stretch, recover R, side and forward L, fwd R on toe outside partner in contra banjo with left side stretch lowering to heel for next figure; The last four steps of this figure are known as a Hover Cross Ending. May begin in banjo position or in semi-closed position, in which case the woman's first two steps would be fwd L, -, fwd R,
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| Hover Cross Ending
phase V
qqqq;
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In a good contra sidecar position, step forward L on toe outside woman with right side stretch, recover R, side and forward L, fwd R on toe outside partner in contra banjo with left side stretch; |
In I Could Write A Book by the Rumbles, part B begins with a hover telemark; feather; reverse fallaway and slip; drag to sidecar position facing line and wall; hover cross ending to banjo facing reverse and center; and then fwd L to a reverse pivot to a throwaway oversway man facing COH; |
| Traveling Hover Cross
phase VI
sqq; qqqq;
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In closed or semi-closed position facing line and wall, step forward R beginning to turn RF with right sway (woman back L), -, side L turning (woman heel turn), side R completing 3/4 turn to face line and center in contra sidecar [with left sway]; step forward L outside woman with right side stretch, fwd & sd R blending to closed position, forward L blending to contra banjo [with right sway], fwd R outside partner in contra banjo with left side stretch;
Note that this "hover cross ending" travelsfwd, fwd, fwd, fwd;
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| Continuous Hover Cross
phase VI
sqq; qqqq; qq
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The next four figures are derived from the Natural Hover Cross above. Where the Natural Hover Cross consists of 7 steps, the Continuous Hover Cross consists of 9. We can think of the first 4 steps as the same and the last 3 as the same. The extra 2 steps in this figure are steps 5 and 6 inserted into the middle of the Natural Hover Cross making it "Continuous." Notice that the added steps also make this a 2 1/2 measure figure. It splits a measure, so is not commonly used.
So, in closed position, diagonal line and wall, step forward R beginning to turn RF (woman back L), -, side L turning (woman heel turn), side R completing 3/4 turn to face line and center in contra sidecar; step forward L on toe outside woman with right side stretch, now the first new step close R and move woman to closed position facing line and wall, step back L in contra banjo, back R beginning LF turn and blending to closed position; side L, fwd R on toe outside partner in contra banjo with left side stretch and facing line and center,
May begin in banjo or in semi-closed position, in which case the woman's first two steps would be fwd L, -, fwd R,
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| Extended Continuous Hover Cross
sqq; qqqq; qqqq;
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This figure "extends" the Continuous Hover Cross with 2 more steps and so completes that third measure, making the figure easier to use in choreography than the Continuous. The additional 2 steps are two more back steps at 8 & 9 for a total of 11 steps.
In closed position, diagonal line and wall, step forward R beginning to turn RF (woman back L), -, side L turning (woman heel turn), side R completing 3/4 turn to face line and center in contra sidecar; step forward L on toe outside woman with right side stretch, close R and move woman to closed position facing line and wall, step back L in contra banjo, back R beginning LF turn and blending to closed position; side and back L, back R, side L, fwd R on toe outside partner in contra banjo with left side stretch and facing line and center,
May begin in banjo or in semi-closed position, in which case the woman's first two steps would be fwd L, -, fwd R,
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| Interrupted (or Checked) Continuous Hover Cross
sqq; qqqq; qqqq;
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This figure "interrupts" the Continuous Hover Cross with 2 steps and also completes that third measure. The additional 2 steps are a little rock-recover in sidecar at steps 4 & 5 for a total of 11 steps.
In closed position, diagonal line and wall, step forward R beginning to turn RF (woman back L), -, side L turning (woman heel turn), side R completing 3/4 turn to face line and center in contra sidecar; step fwd L, recover R still in sidecar [this is the interruption], step forward L on toe outside woman with right side stretch, close R and move woman to closed position facing line and wall; step back L in contra banjo, back R beginning LF turn and blending to closed position, side L, fwd R on toe outside partner in contra banjo with left side stretch and facing line and center;
May begin in banjo or in semi-closed position, in which case the woman's first two steps would be fwd L, -, fwd R,
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In Irresponsible Me by the Nelsons, there is a hover telemark; interrupted continuous hover cross;;; three step; open natural to an outside spin;; and a back & chasse to DLC; |
| Interrupted Extended Continuous Hover Cross
sqq; qqqq; qqqq; qq
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Finally, this figure "interrupts" the Continuous Hover Cross with the little rock, and it extends it with the 2 extra back steps for a total of 13 steps. Again, we see a split measure, and I must admit that I have never seen this one used. In closed position, diagonal line and wall, step forward R beginning to turn RF (woman back L), -, side L turning (woman heel turn), side R completing 3/4 turn to face line and center in contra sidecar; step fwd L, close R still in sidecar, step forward L on toe outside woman with right side stretch, close R and move woman to closed position facing line and wall; step back L in contra banjo, back R beginning LF turn and blending to closed position, side and back L, back R; side L, fwd R on toe outside partner in contra banjo with left side stretch and facing line and center,
May begin in banjo or in semi-closed position, in which case the woman's first two steps would be fwd L, -, fwd R,
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| Open Telemark or Telemark to Semi phase IV
sqq;
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In closed position, diagonal line and center, step forward L; of course the woman steps back R. The woman draws L to R and puts her heels together as the man pivots on his L and steps to the side behind her heel turn, maintaining connection at the hips but letting the top line grow and separate. Opening the top line creates a little more centrifugal force to get you around. The man has led her heel turn by lowering, leading with the hips, stepping through her with right side lead, and by stepping across the line of dance. She rotates on her right heel and gradually changes weight by beat 3. If he can delay his second step just a little, it will give her a little more time to complete her heel turn, and that will feel good to her. Sometimes, a description like this can imply independent action on the part of the woman, but she should not "step back and turn." Such initiative will almost invariably lead to separation, bumping, and overall roughness in the flow of the figure. Instead, she should wait for the lead. She should step back and bring her heels together, but then let the man turn her as he steps through her left side.
In all left-turning figures, the actual foot turn tends to be late and preceded by body turn. (In right-turning figures, the foot turn is early.) So here, the man's toes are pointing DLC. He uses LF upper-body rotation to tell the woman that we are going to turn left, and he steps forward L, but his toes still point DLC he hasn't really turned yet. There is torque in the body the body has turned left, but the feet are going straight. He takes weight on his L, and now the foot turns. His toes point to COH. This delay in turning helps to place the woman on the central pivot point around which the man is going to turn. Now he can step side and complete the turn.
Ideally, the man and woman have precisely changed places by the end of beat 3 in the measure. He is facing DRW, still in good closed position. On beat 4, simply use a little right side stretch to open bodies to semi-closed position, and step side and forward on the lead feet toward diagonal line and wall. Point the toes a little out for stability. (If you step directly forward with the foot straight, you will feel as though you are standing on a rail.)
Of course, this last step can be adjusted a little in preparation for the next figure (as we can do at the end of any figure). Stepping side and a little forward for the man is good preparation for a subsequent right-turning figure, such as a Natural Turn or Natural Weave. Stepping side and a little back for the man would more comfortably flow into a Promenade Weave or a Wing.
As mentioned in the introduction to this page, try to step heel, toe rising, toe only on the second step, and then toe and heel lowering on the third step. A common problem in foxtrot is to rise and then step out with a heel lead. Footwork like that brings you down with a clunk. Usually, we rise at the beginning of a measure, stay up, and then come down at the end of the measure. So the rule is, if you are up, do not use a heel lead; use a toe lead and only then lower to the heel.
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Then, do a thru chasse to a maneuver;;
Or, the Rumbles' This Is the Life ends with a diamond turn;;;; open telemark; quick thru, side, behind, fan; behind, side, thru, fan; thru vine 4 to butterfly position; chair and hold;
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| Double Open Telemark
sqq; &qqs;
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This figure is two telemarks in a row, and the "&" count is simply a quick step used to pick her up and get the lead foot free for the second telemark turn. So, in closed position facing line and center, step forward L (woman back R) beginning to turn LF, -, side R turning and with right side stretch (woman bk L to R for a heel turn), sd & fwd L to semi-closed position facing LOD;
On the "&" count, step fwd R turning LF much as you would do in leading a Wing (woman fwd L, then turning to closed position or picking up).
In the second measure, execute a "quick" telemark, by which I do not mean synchopated but beginning with a "quick" count rather than a "slow." Step fwd L turning, sd & fwd R (woman back L to R for a toe spin), sd & fwd L turning to semi-closed position facing line and wall, -;
The woman's toe spin occurs in the second Telemark, rather than a heel turn, because of the quicker turn (quick, quick; rather than slow, quick).
The timing does vary, and the figure may be danced sqq; sq&q; or sqq; qqqq; Ending with a slow count, as described above, is perhaps the most advanced option. It gives you a little time to create a "picture" ending to the figure.
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In the Worlocks' Gone With the Wind, there is a turn L & R chasse to banjo DRC; bk zig zag 4; impetus to semi; feather; double open telemark;; thru ripple chasse; to a continuous hover cross and slow tumble;;; feather finish; and change of direction; |
| Closed Telemark or Telemark to Banjo phase IV
sqq;
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In closed, banjo, or sidecar position, facing line and center, step fwd L (woman bk R) turning LF, -, side R turning (woman heel turn), side and forward L (woman bk R) to banjo position facing line and wall;
Notice that the woman must rotate much more in a Closed Telemark than in an Open Telemark (one full turn). Therefore, the man must borrow a little extra time for step 2 to allow her to complete that turn. He will delay the taking of step 3.
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In the Slaters' It Happened Again, there is an open natural; back turning whisk; syncopated whisk; feather; closed telemark; running hover to banjo; natural weave;; |
| Natural Telemark
phase V
sqq;
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Begin in closed position facing line and wall, trail feet free. Step forward R beginning to turn RF (woman back L), -, side L with left side stretch (woman draws R to L for a heel turn and changes weight) completing 1/4 turn, continue to turn and step side and forward R (woman side and back L) to end in closed or sidecar position facing line and center;
May begin in banjo and in other orientations; normally 3/4 RF rotation.
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I must admit that I don't remember ever ending this figure in closed position. Left-turning telemarks certainly don't. If you end it in sidecar (which is legal) then you might be tempted to do a Cross Pivot instead of the Natural Telemark. But notice that the woman should do a heel turn rather than a forward pivoting step on count 2, and notice the use of stretch/sway in the telemark. |
| Double Natural Telemark
sq&q; sqq;
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As the name implies, this figure consists of two natural telemarks, but in order to do the second one, you have to syncopate the first, in order to have the proper foot free. So, in closed, banjo, or semi-closed position facing line and wall step forward or thru R (woman back or thru L), -, forward and around L turning RF (woman fwd R between his feet) to closed position/ step side and forward R continuing to turn (woman side and back), and small step L outside partner to sidecar (woman bk R); At the end of the first measure, you could also be in closed position. Your trail foot is free again. Now step R between her feet turning RF, -, forward and around L (woman does a heel turn) so that he faces center, and forward R small step to closed or sidecar position facing line and center;
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| Teleswivel
phase VI
qqqq;
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In closed position facing line and center, step forward L (woman bk R and draw L to R for a heel turn) turning LF with left sway, fwd & sd R (woman heel turn and close L) turning, bk L well under body turning (woman fwd R), and swivel a little LF on the left foot leaving the right foot crossed in front without taking weight (woman swivel RF on R) to end in semi-closed position facing line and wall; |
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| Telespin To Closed
phase VI
sqq&; qqs;
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Start in closed position facing line and center. Step forward L turning LF and with left sway (woman bk R with right sway), - , fwd & sd R turning (woman draw L to R for heel turn and change weight), sd & bk L with only partial weight maintaining sway and keeping left side forward (woman fwd R) to a tight sidecar position;
In this first measure, the woman has done an open telemark, but the man has held back and not taken that third step.
On the final & of the first measure the man leads the woman to step fwd L. He finally takes weight on his L and spins LF (woman fwd R to a toe spin), side R turning (woman closes L at end of toe spin), back L (woman fwd R) to closed position RLOD,- ;
The figure turns 1 3/8 LF.
I believe that this represents the first description of the Telespin that we have had in round dancing. More commonly, we now dance a Telespin to Semi or a Telespin to Banjo (see below).
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| Mini Telespin
phase V
sqq&; qqs;
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This is the same figure as the telespin, except the last step is a touch instead of a back, leaving the lead feet free.
So again, start in closed position facing line and center. Step forward L turning LF and with left sway (woman bk R with right sway) , -, fwd & sd R turning (woman draw L to R for heel turn and change weight), sd & bk L with only partial weight maintaining sway and keeping left side forward (woman fwd R);
At the end of the first measure, the man leads the woman on an "&" count to step fwd L. He finally takes weight on his L and spins LF drawing R to L (woman fwd R to a toe spin), close R lowering (woman closes L at end of toe spin), hold ending in closed position reverse and center, -;
The figure turns 1 & 1/4 LF.
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A common exit is a Contra Check and Switch; perhaps to a Half Natural; |
| Telespin To Banjo
phase VI
sqq&; qqs;
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Start in closed position facing line and center. Step forward L turning LF and with left sway (woman bk R with right sway), -, fwd & sd R turning (woman draw L to R for heel turn and change weight), sd & bk L with only partial weight maintaining sway and keeping left side forward (woman fwd R) to a tight sidecar position;
In this first measure, the woman has done an open telemark, but the man has held back and not taken that third step.
At the end of the first measure the man uses upper body rotation to lead the woman on an "&" count to step fwd L. He finally takes weight on his L and spins LF (woman fwd R to a toe spin), side R turning (woman closes L at end of toe spin), side & fwd L (woman sd & bk R) to banjo position facing line and wall, -;
The figure turns 1 3/4 LF.
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| Telespin To Semi-Closed
phase VI
sqq&; qqs;
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Start in closed position facing line and center. Step forward L turning LF and with left sway (woman bk R with right sway), -, fwd & sd R turning (woman draw L to R for heel turn and change weight), sd & bk L with only partial weight maintaining sway and keeping left side forward (woman fwd R) to a tight sidecar position;
In this first measure, the woman has done an open telemark, but the man has held back and not taken that third step.
At the end of the first measure the man continues to turn and so leads the woman on an "&" count to step fwd L. He finally takes weight on his L and spins LF (woman fwd R to a toe spin), side R turning (woman closes L at end of toe spin), sd & fwd L (woman sd & fwd R) to semi-closed position facing DLW, -;
The figure turns 1 3/4 LF.
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| Double Telespin
sqq&; qqs&; qqs;
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Start in closed position facing line and center. Step forward L turning LF and with left sway (woman bk R with right sway), -, fwd & sd R turning (woman draw L to R for heel turn and change weight), sd & bk L with only partial weight maintaining sway and keeping left side forward toward W (woman fwd R);
On the "&" count, the man uses LF body turn to lead the woman to step fwd L. He takes weight on his L and spins LF (woman fwd R to a toe spin), -, side R turning (woman closes L at end of toe spin), sd & bk L with only partial weight (woman fwd R);
On the "&" count, the man again leads the woman to step fwd L. He takes weight on his L and spins LF (woman fwd R to a toe spin), -, side R turning (woman closes L at end of toe spin), back L (woman fwd R) to closed position facing reverse and center;
The figure turns 2 1/4 LF.
As in the case of the telespin, we often dance the double telespin to semi-closed or to banjo and so turn the figure 2 3/4 LF.
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| Telefeather
phase VI
sqq; &qqqq;
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This is a Telespin to Banjo with one more step so you end in a "feather" position.
Start in closed position facing line and center. Step forward L turning LF and with left sway (woman bk R) , -, fwd & sd R turning (woman draw L to R for heel turn and change weight), sd & bk L with only partial weight maintaining sway and keeping left side forward (woman fwd R); At the end of the first measure, you are in an L-position with the man facing line and wall and the woman facing line and center.
At the end of the first measure, the man leads the woman on an "&" count to step fwd L. He finally takes weight on his L and spins LF (woman fwd R to a toe spin). On the second beat, he steps side R turning (woman closes L at end of toe spin). On beat three, he steps sd and fwd L with right sway (woman sd & bk R) to banjo position line and wall, fwd R to contra banjo;
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| Teleronde
phase VI
sqq; &qqs;
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In closed position facing line and center, step forward L turning LF with left sway (woman bk R and draw L to R for a heel turn), -, fwd R turning (woman heel turn and close L), sd & bk L keeping left side in toward woman (woman fwd R); spin LF on left foot (woman step fwd L keeping right side in to the man lift R leg up straight forward and ronde LF), step side R turning, back L to closed position reverse and center, -;
This is essentially a Telespin with a woman's ronde in the second measure. One important difference is that the man takes full weight on his third step and uses only upper body rotation to lead the woman to step, kick, and spin.
The "&qqs" timing implies that four things are being done during the second part of the figure, but there are only two steps each. The man turns left, turns left, steps sd R, and bk L. He takes his two steps late. The woman steps fwd L, kicks R, rondes R, and fwd R. She takes her first step quickly, waits, and takes her second step late.
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| Cross Hesitation
phase IV
sqq;
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In semi-closed, line of dance, step thru right with LF body rotation, leading woman to step thru left, -, side right around man turning LF, and continuing to turn, close left to right in contra banjo position, diagonal reverse and center. |
Do a hover; cross hesitation; back and a back lock back; impetus; |
| Cross Pivot
phase IV
sqq;
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In semi-closed, line of dance, step forward right in front of woman turning RF, side left continuing to turn while woman steps forward right between man's feet and turns 1/2, and then forward right, woman side and back left, to sidecar diagonal line and center. |
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